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Glossary

Please see below for a list of terms used regularly throughout this database.

Term Definition

Australia

State Botanical Regions - Australian National Herbarium

Please note, for this application the prefixed letter designating the State of for each area set by the Australian National Herbarium has been dropped, ie SNW – South Australia North Western is under the heading of S.A. – NW.

Some States may have adopted a slightly altered format and where this has occurred the altered format has been included in this legend for your reference.

Tasmania, Tas.

A.N.H
BLBen Lomond
CHCentral Highlands
ECEast Coast
FUFurneaux Island Group
KIKing Island
MFMount Field
MLMidlands
MWMount Wellington
NENorth East
NWNorth West
SWSouth West
WCWest Coast
MAMacquarie Island
Tasmania Regions Map

South Australia, S.A.

A.N.HState
NWNorth WesternNW
EBEyre BasinLE - Lake Eyre
NUNullarborNU
GTGairner-TorrensGT
FRFlinders RangesFR
NENorth EastEA - Eastern
EPEyre PeninsulaEP
LNLofty NorthNL - Northern Lofty
MBMurray BasinMU - Murray
YPYorke PeninsulaYP
KIKangaroo IslandKI
LSLofty SouthSL - Southern Lofty
SESouth EastSE
South Australia Regions Map

Victoria, Vic.

A.N.H.old system
MAMallee
WPWestern Plains
NPNorthern Plains
WHWestern Highlands
EHEastern Highlands
GIGippsland
A.N.H.
MMMurray Mallee
LMLowan Mallee
WIWimmera
WAWannon
GRGrampians
RIRiverina
MIMidlands
VPVolcanic Plains
OPOtway Plains
OROtway Ranges
EHEastern Highlands
GPGippsland Plains
GHGippsland Highlands
PRWilsons Promontory
SNSnowfields
EGEast Gippsland
Victoria Regions Map

New South Wales, N.S.W.

A.N.HState
NFNorth Far Western PlainsNFWP
NPNorth Western PlainsNWP
NSNorth West SlopesNWS
NTNorthern TablelandsNT
NCNorth CoastNC
SFSouth Far Western PlainsSFWP
SPSouth Western PlainsSWP
CSCentral West SlopesCWS
CTCentral TablelandsCT
CCCentral CoastCC
SSSouth West SlopesKI
STSouthern TablelandsSWS
SCSouth CoastST
JBJervis BayJB
LHLord Howe IslandLH
CANCanberraCAN
New South Wales Regions Map

Queensland, Qld.

A.N.H
COCook
BUBurke
KNKennedy North
GNGregory North
MIMitchell
KSKennedy South
LELeichhardt
PCPort Curtis
GSGregory South
WAWarrego
MAMaranoa
BNBurnett
WBWide Bay
DDDarling Downs
MOMoreton
Queensland Regions Map

Northern Territory, N.T.

A.N.H
DGDarwin and Gulf
VRVictoria River
BTBarkley Tablelands
CNCentral Australia North
CSCentral Australia South
Northern Territory Regions Map

Western Australia, W.A.

A.N.H
GAGardner
FIFitzgerald
DMDampier
HAHall
CGCanning
MUMueller
FOFortesque
CVCarnarvon
ASAshburton
KEKeartland
CACarnegie
GIGiles
AUAustin
HEHelms
IRIrwin
DADarling
AVAvon
COCoolgardie
EUEucla
RORoe
EYEyre
Western Australia Regions Map

New Zealand

North Island

TKIThree Kings Islands
NONorthland
AUAuckland
WAWaikato
GIGisbourne
TATaranaki
CECentral North Island
HAHawke's Bay
MAManawatu
WAIWairarapa
North Island Regions Map

South Island

NENelson
BUBuller
MAMarlborough
WEWestland
CACanterbury
FIFiordland
OTOtago
SOSouthland
SIStewart Island
SnISnares Island
BIBounty Island
AIAuckland Islands
AnIAntipodes Islands
CHChatham Islands
South Island Regions Map

Parts of a Simple Leaf

Simple leaf part terminology

Parts of a Compound Leaf

Compound leaf part terminology

Principal Organs of a Simple Flower

Simple flower part terminology

Parts of a Grass Plant

Grass plant part terminology

Principle Parts of a Branch

Branch part terminology

Plant Type

Climber-Clinging
Climber
Deciduous Vine
Deciduous Semi - Climber
Deciduous Semi - Vine
Deciduous Semi - Scrambler

Plant Shape

Branches Ascending/Erect
Branches Cespitose/Caespitose
Branches Decumbent
Branches Pendulous / Weeping
Bun - Broad
Bun - Broad Open
Bun - Low
Bun - Low Open
Bun - Narrow
Bun - Narrow Open
Bun - Pendulous Open
Climber
Clump - Arching
Clump - Mounded
Clump - Tufted
Clump - Upright
Clump - Upright Arching
Clump - Upright Open
Domed - Broad
Domed - Narrow
Scrambler/trailer
Standard Crown - Dense
Standard Crown - Open

Texture (front)

Leathery
Papillate / Papillose
Scaly
Veined
Waxy
Wrinkled / Rugose

Texture (back)

Papillate / Papillose
Waxy

Shape(s)

Obovoid
Palmate Dissect
Panduriform
Costapalmate
Entire
Flabellate
Lobed Irregularly
Lobed Pinnately / Pinnatifid
Obovate
Ovate
Palmate Leaf
Palmate Divided
Palmate Lobed
Palmate Partially Divided
Pinnate / Parapinnate
Pinnate / Imparapinnate
Recurved
Spathulate
Subulate / Lanceolate attenuate

Cross Section(s)

Conduplicate
Corrugated / Wavy
Flat - Convex Back
Flat Back-ribbed
Flat Front-ribbed
Terete Grooved
Triangulate-single convex
Triangulate-tri convex
Wrinkled

Venation(s)

Anastomosing
Anastomosing and Reticulate
Pinnate - Brochidodromous
Pinnate - Camptodromous
Pinnate - Cladodromous
Pinnate - Craspedodromous
Dichotomous
Flabellate
Paxillate
Pedate
Rotate

Arrangement

Alternate & Spiralled
Equitant
Fascicled x 2
Fascicled x 3

Attachment

Amplexicaule
Appressed / Adpressed
Ascending
Deflexed
Divergent

Apice(s)

Toothed
Apiculate
Cirrhose
Praemorse / Remorse

Base(s)

Clasping
Sheathed

Pinnae Arrangement

Alternate
Alternate & Distichous
Basal or Radial
Dense Crown
Equitant
Fascicled
Imbricate
Open Crown
Opposite
Opposite & Decussate
Stemmed Dense Crown
Stemmed Open Crown
Whorled

Pinnule Base(s) (Leaflet)

Attenuate
Auriculate
Clasping
Cordate
Cuneate
Hastate
Oblique
Obtuse
Peltate
Perfoliate
Sagittate
Truncate

Pinnule Venation (Leaflet)

Anastomosing
Anastomosing and Reticulate
Brochdodromous
Camptodromous
Cladodromous
Craspedodromous
Dichotomous
Flabellate
Paxillate
Rotate

Pinnule Cross Section(s) (Leaflet)

Concave Bi-ribbed
Concave ribbed
Conduplicate
Convex Bi-ribbed
Convex Ribbed
Corrugated / Wavy
Flat Back-ribbed
Flat Bi-ribbed
Flat Front-ribbed
Induplicate
Ob-triangular
Reduplicate
Terete Grooved
Undulate

Leaf Bud

Ovoid
Terminal / Apical

Petiole Texture(s)

Barbs Recurved
Lenticels
Tomentose

Juvenile Leaf Shape(s)

Panduriform

Texture(s) Upper

Lepidate
Barbed
Barbs-Recurved
Bristly / Hispid
Farinaceous
Furrowed
Glabrous
Glandular
Glaucous
Hairs-Coarse
Hairs-Fine
Hairs-Long
Hairs-Short
Leathery
Lumpy / Papillate / Papillose
Pitted
Ribbed
Rough / Scabrous
Scaly
Scribbly
Smooth
Stellate
Sticky / Resinous
Striate
Tessellated
Tomentose
Velvety / Velutinous
Warty / Tuberculate / Verrucose
Waxy
Woolly / Lanate
Wrinkled

Trunk / Stem Construction(s)

Caudiciform
Pseudostem
Buttress
No Pith / Hollow Segmented
Wood Fibres / Hollow

Trunk / Stem / Culm Cross Section

Terete Bi-ribbed
Terete Bi-winged
Terete Fluted
Terete Quad-ribbed
Terete-ribbed
Bi-convex
Bi-convex Ribbed
Hexagonal
Pentagonal
Terete Bi-concave
Terete-grooved
Tri-convex

Trunk / Stem Feature(s)

Caudex
Cauline Leaves
Barbs
Burl or Burr
Prominent Growth Rings as Ridged Steps

Textures(s) Lower

Lepidate
Barbed
Barbs-Recurved
Bristly / Hispid
Farinaceous
Furrowed
Glabrous
Glandular
Glaucous
Hairs-Coarse
Hairs-Fine
Hairs-Long
Hairs-Short
Leathery
Lumpy / Papillate / Papillose
Pitted
Ribbed
Rough / Scabrous
Scaly
Scribbly
Smooth
Sticky / Resinous
Striate
Tessellated
Tomentose
Velvety / Velutinous
Warty / Tuberculate / Verrucose
Waxy
Woolly / Lanate
Wrinkled

Arrangement(s)

Fascicle
Leaf Scars
Involucral Bract - Cyperaceae
Ramiflorous
Bract
Bract Spike
Capitulum / Head
Catkin
Cauliflory
Corymb Compound
Corymb Simple
Cyme Compound
Cyme Dichasial
Cyme Helicoid
Cyme Monochasial / Simple
Cyme Scorpoid
Globular
Inflorescence - Female Cone
Inflorescence - Male Strobilus
Pannicle
Raceme
Raceme Open - Grass
Scape
Solitary
Spathiate
Spike
Spike - Grass / Grass Allies
Spike Branched - Grass / Grass Allies
Spike Open
Spike Partial - Grass
Spike Secund
Thyrse
Umbel
Umbel - Grass
Umbel Compound
Verticil

Petal Shape(s)

Acicular
Bi-fid
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptic
Falcate
Hastate
Lanceolate
Linear
Obcordate
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Orbicular
Oval
Ovate
Reniform
Rhomboid
Sagittate
Spathulate
Subulate

Flower Shape(s)

Orchidate
Fuchsiaform
Coned Pollen Male
Coned Pollen Female
Filamental Cone
Stamenate Cyathiform
Involucral Bract - Ellipsoid
Trumpet
Iris Form
Floret
Bilabiate
Bract
Brush or Spike
Bud Form
Calceolate
Campanulate
Composite
Composite Globular
Composite Oblong
Composite Simple
Coned Sporophyll
Coronate
Craterform
Cruciform
Cyathiform
Filamental Cyathiform
Filamental Globular
Funnelform
Galeate
Gibbous
Hood & Horn
Involucral Bract - Flat or Saucer Shaped
Involucral Bract - Funnelform
Involucral Bract - Globose
Involucral Bract - Hemispherical
Involucral Bract - Imbricate
Involucral Bract - Not Imbricate
Involucral Bract - Ovoid
Involucral Bract - Tubulate or Cylinderical
Involucral Bract - Turbinate
Labiate
Ligulate
Operculum
Palate
Papilionate
Peduncles
Radiate
Rotate
Saccate
Salverform
Simple Globular
Spathiate
Spider
Spurred
Stellate
Tepals
Tubulate
Urceolate

Bud / Operculum Shape

Bract - Scaled

Outer Texture

Barbed
Barbs-Recurved
Bristly / Hispid
Farinaceous
Glabrous
Glandular
Glaucous
Grooved
Hairs-Coarse
Hairs-Long
Hairs-Short
Leathery
Lumpy / Papillate / Papillose
Pitted
Ribbed
Rough / Scabrous
Scaly
Smooth
Spongy
Sticky / Resinous
Striate
Tomentose
Tough
Velvety / Velutinous
Warty / Verrucose / Tuberculate
Waxy
Woolly / Lanate
Wrinkled / Rugose

Type

Bract - Involucral
Capsule - Bi-globose
Cone Proteceae
Panicle Closed
Panicle Open
Achene Compound
Amphisarcum
Capsule - Acrocidal
Capsule - Anomalicidal
Capsule - Basicidal
Capsule - Circumscissile
Capsule - Valvular
Infructescence
Infructum

Shape(s)

Discoid
Deltoidal
Ellipsoid
Fusiform-cylindrical
Globose
Hemispherical
Involucre - Flat or Saucer Shaped
Involucre - Funnelform
Involucre - Globose / Orbicular
Involucre - Hemispherical
Involucre - Imbricate
Involucre - Not Imbricate
Involucre - Ovoid
Involucre - Tubulate or Cylindrical
Involucre - Turbinate
Obloid
Obovoid
Ovoid
Pyriform
Pyriform Nut
Tubulate

Texture(s)

Barbed
Barbs-Recurved
Bristly / Hispid
Corky
Farinaceous
Glabrous
Glaucous
Grooved
Hairs-Fine
Hairs-Long
Hairs-Short
Hairs-Sticky / Mucilaginous
Leathery
Pitted
Ribbed
Rough / Scabrous
Scaly
Scribbly
Smooth
Sticky / Resinous
Striate
Tessellated
Lumpy / Tuberculate / Papillate
Velvety / Velutinous
Warty / Verrucose
Waxy
Wrinkled / Rugose

Shape(s)

Incurved
Clavate
Cordiform
Fusiform
Obovoid
Pyriform
Sectoroid
Semi-spherical
Trigonous

Type

Nut Round
Pyrene

Seed Appendage

Pappus Umbrella
Sarcotesta

Type

Lignotuber
Tap Plate
Haustorial / Parasitic
Subterranean Stem / Adventitious Root
Surface Adventitious Root

Texture

Fibrous
Grooved
Lumpy / Papillate / Papillose
Nodulated
Ribbed
Rough / Scabrous
Scaly
Smooth

Principal Fern Parts Diagram

fern part terminology

Principal Frond Parts Diagram

frond part terminology

Frond Shape(s)

Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Flabellate
Lanceolate
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Oval
Ovate
Pinnate / Imparapinnate
Recurved
Subulate / Lanceolate attenuate

Frond Arrangement

Radial Dense Crown
Radial Open Crown
Radial Stemmed Dense Crown
Radial Stemmed Open Crown

Pinna Shape(s)

Flabellate

Rachis / Stem / Stipe Upper Texture(s)

Glabrous
Grooved

Rachis / Stem / Stipe Base Texture(s)

Glabrous
Grooved
Hairs Coarse
Hairs Fine
Hairs Long
Hairs Short
Lumpy / Papillate / Papillose
Ribbed
Rough / Scabrous
Scaly
Smooth
Striate
Woolly / Lanate
Wrinkled

Indusia Texture(s)

Barbed
Glabrous
Leathery
Lumpy / Papillate / Papillose
Ribbed
Rough / Scabrous
Smooth
Velvety / Velutinous

Root/Rhizome Texture(s)

Lumpy / Papillate / Papillose
Nodulated
Ribbed
Rough / Scabrous
Scaly
Smooth

Principle parts of a Gilled Fungi

https://hortdata.com.au/images/glossary/fungi-parts/gilled-fungi.png

Principle parts of a Polypore Fungi

polypore fungi part terminology

Palm Structures

palm structures part terminology

Palm Inflorescence

palm inflorescence part terminology

Types of Palm Flowers

 types of palm flowers part terminology

Types of Palm Fronds (Lamina)

 bipinnate frond part terminology
pinnate frond part terminology
palmate frond part terminology
costapalmate frond part terminology
 entire frond part terminology

Plant Shape

Branches  - Ascending
Branches - Pendulous / Weeping
Bun - Broad
Bun - Broad Open
Bun - Low
Bun - Low Open
Bun - Narrow
Bun - Narrow Open
Bun - Pendulous Open
Clump - Arching
Clump - Mounded
Clump - Tufted
Clump - Upright
Clump - Upright Arching
Clump - Upright Open
Columnar
Conical
Deliquescent
Domed - Broad
Domed - Narrow
Excurrent
Fastigiate
Prostrate
Shrub Like
Standard
Standard Crown - Dense
Standard Crown - Open
Vase shaped

Texture (Upper)

Barbed
Barbs-recurved
Bristly / Hispid
Glaucous
Grooved
Hairs-soft
Hairy-slightly
Leathery
Lumpy / Papillate / Papillose
Pitted
Ribbed
Rough / Scabrous
Scaly
Smooth
Sticky / Resinous
Striate
Tomentose
Velvety / Velutinous
Warty / Verrucose
Waxy
Woolly / Lanate
Wrinkled

Texture (Base)

Barbed
Barbs-recurved
Bristly / Hispid
Farinaceous
Glaucous
Grooved
Hairs-stiff / Hirsute
Leathery
Lumpy / Papillate / Papillose
Pitted
Ribbed
Rough / Scabrous
Scaly
Smooth
Sticky / Resinous
Striate
Velvety / Velutinous
Warty / Verrucose
Waxy
Woolly / Lanate
Wrinkled

Features

Bamboo-like Stem, Aerial Roots
Indistinct Growth Rings, Trunk Smooth
Indistinct Growth Rings, Trunk Spiny
Leaf Base Scars
Persistent Leaf Bases
Persistent Leaf Bases and attached Fibrous Sheath
Persistent Leaf Bases with overlapping Fibrous Sheaths
Persistent Rough Leaf Bases
Persistent Split Leaf Bases
Prominent Growth Rings as Ridge Steps
Trunk - Elongated Top
Trunk - Fibrous Top
Trunk - Straight Base
Trunk - Straight Top
Trunk - Swollen Base
Trunk - Swollen Top

Arrangements

Axillary, Interfoliar Long
Axillary, Interfoliar Short
Axillary, Radical / Basal
Axillary, Subfoliar / Infrafoliar
Female  Inflorescence Cone
Female Inflorescence
Male Inflorescence
Male Inflorescence Cone
Pannicle
Raceme
Spike
Terminal Suprafoliar

Flower Shape(s)

Tubulate
Bisexual or Hermaphrodite Flower
Clavate
Cyathiform
Deltoidal
Ellipsoid
Female or Pistillate Flower
Filamental
Funnelform
Globose
Globose-Sub
Male Non-staminate Flower
Male Staminate Flower
Megasporophyll - Female
Obtriangular
Ovoid
Pyriform
Stellate
Strobilus - Male

Arrangement Shape

Bract Spike

Outer Texture

Barbed
Barbs-recurved
Bristly / Hispid
Farinaceous
Glabrous
Glandular
Glaucous
Grooved
Hairs-fine
Hairs-long
Hairs-short
Leathery
Lumpy / Papillate / Papillose
Pitted
Ribbed
Rough / Scabrous
Scaly
Smooth
Sticky / Resinous
Striate
Tomentose
Velvety / Velutinous
Warty / Verrucose
Waxy
Woolly / Lanate
Wrinkled

Type

Cone Simple

Shape(s)

Globose-Sub
Obovoid

Texture(s)

Barbed
Barbs-recurved
Bristly / Hispid
Farinaceous
Glabrous
Glandular
Glaucous
Grooved
Hairs-fine
Hairs-long
Hairs-short
Hairs-soft
Leathery
Lumpy / Papillate / Papillose
Papery
Pitted
Ribbed
Rough / Scabrous
Scaly
Scribbly
Smooth
Spines-long
Sticky / Resinous
Striate
Tessellated
Tomentose
Velvety / Vetutinous
Warty / Verrucose
Waxy
Winged
Woolly / Lanate
Wrinkled

Shape(s)

Clavate
Fusiform
Ovoid

Type

Climbing
Collaroid Root
Nodulate
Subterranean Stem/Adventitious Root

Texture

Glabrous
Glandular
Grooved
Leathery
Lumpy / Papillate / Papillose
Pitted
Ribbed
Rough / Scabrous
Scaly
Smooth
Sticky / Resinous
Striate
Velvety / Velutinous
Warty / Verrucose
Waxy
Woolly / Lanate
Wrinkled

Principle Parts of Cacti

cacti part terminology

Principle Parts of Cacti Flower

cacti flower part terminology

Plant Shape

Rosette - Spiked
Branched
Branched - Columnar
Branched - Flat
Branched - Oblong
Bun - Broad
Bun - Broad Open
Bun - Low
Bun - Low Open
Bun - Low Singular
Bun - Narrow
Bun - Narrow Open
Clump - Arching
Clump - Open
Clump - Upright
Rosette

Leaf Shape(s)

Bifoliolate
Flabellate
Incurved
Lanceolate-attentuate
Recurved

Leaf Arrangement

Rosette

Leaf Attachment

Collar Broad
Collar Continuous
Collar Divided
Collar Narrow

Leaf Cross Section(s)

Flat - Back curved outward
Triangulate-tri convex
Triangular-single convex

Leaf Margin(s)

Filiferous
Spined
Toothed

Base(s)

Attenuate
Auriculate
Clasping
Cordate
Cuneate
Hastate
Oblique
Obtuse
Peltate
Perfoliate
Sagittate
Truncate

Trunk / Stem / Phylloclade Feature(s)

Leaf Scar
Glandular
Glochids
Spined Areole
Tuberacle and Spined

Trunk / Stem Cross Section

Terete Grooved
Terete Ridged

Trunk / Stem / Phylloclade Texture (Upper)

Leathery
Scabrous / Rough
Scaly
Striate
Verrucose / Warty
Waxy
Wrinkled / Rugose

Trunk / Stem / Phylloclade Texture (Lower)

Waxy
Wrinkled / Rugose

Arrangement(s)

Bract Spike
Involucral Bract - Not Imbricate
Involucral Bract - Imbricate
Bract
Capitulum / Head
Catkin
Cauliflory
Corymb Compound
Corymb Simple
Cyme Compound
Cyme Dichasial
Cyme Helicoid
Cyme Monochasial / Simple
Cyme Scorpoid
Panicle
Raceme
Scape
Solitary
Spathiate
Spike
Spike Secund
Thyrse
Umbel
Umbel Compound
Verticil

Flower Shape(s)

Bract
Involucral Bract - Imbricate
Involucral Bract - Not Imbricate
Cyathium - Male
Cyathium - Female
Bilabiate
Brush or Spike
Calceolate
Campanulate
Composite
Composite Globular
Composite Oblong
Composite Simple
Craterform
Cruciform
Coronate
Cyathiform
Funnelform
Galeate
Gibbous
Hood & Horn
Labiate
Ligulate
Operculum
Palate
Papilionate
Peduncles
Radiate
Rotate
Saccate
Salverform
Spathiate
Spider
Spurred
Stellate
Tepals
Tubulate
Urceolate
Simple Globular
Open Inflorescence
Closed Inflorescence
Stamenate Cyathiform

Petal Shape(s)

Cuneate
Obcordate
Oblanceolate
Obovate
Spathulate
Acicular
Elliptic
Falcate
Linear
Oblong
Oval
Rhomboid
Orbicular
Cordate
Deltoid
Hastate
Lanceolate
Ovate
Reniform
Sagittate
Subulate

Outer Texture

Barbed
Barbs-Recurved
Bristly / Hispid
Glabrous
Glandular
Glaucous
Grooved
Hairs-Coarse
Hairs-Long
Hairs-Short
Leathery
Lumpy / Papillate / Papillose
Pitted
Ribbed
Rough / Scabrous
Scaly
Smooth
Spongy
Sticky / Resinous
Striate
Tomentose
Tough
Velvety / Velutinous
Warty / Verrucose
Waxy
Woolly / Lanate
Wrinkled

Type

Infructescence

Shape(s)

Oblongoid

Texture(s)

Barbed
Barbs-Recurved
Bristly / Hispid
Corky
Farinaceous
Fibrous
Glabrous
Glaucous
Grooved
Hairs-Fine
Hairs-Long
Hairs-Short
Hairs-Stick / Mucilaginous
Leathery
Lumpy / Tuberculate /Papillate
Pitted
Ribbed
Rough / Scabrous
Scaly
Scribbly
Smooth
Sticky / Resinous
Striate
Tessellated
Velvety / Velutinous
Warty / Tuberculate
Waxy / Verrucose
Wrinkled / Rugose

Shape(s)

Fusiform
Obovoid
Sectoroid
Semi-spherical
Cubiod

Seed Appendage

Pappus
Pappus Umbrella

Texture

Grooved
Lumpy / Papillate / Papillose
Nodulated
Ribbed
Rough / Scabrous
Scaly
Smooth